STEM PhD: EB-1A or NIW?
A PhD is training. It is not one of the ten EB-1A criteria. The choice between EB-1A and NIW is about which record you actually have.
When EB-1A is the file you have
Independent papers, review work you finished, contributions other labs use, and press or awards that are not internal. Three of those, with exhibits, plus a final-merits story that you are at the top of that specialty. The diploma does not substitute for any of them.
When people look at NIW instead
The endeavor matters to the United States, you are well positioned to advance it, and on balance it is worth waiving the job offer and labor certification. A solid research record can fit that even when the acclaim evidence is not at EB-1A level yet. This site scores EB-1A. It does not tell you which petition to file.
Related: EB-1A vs NIW, Researchers, Scholarly articles.
This is not a law firm and does not file petitions. USCIS decides each case on its own record.